The educational system in uk pdf

It also determines how service in their area and determine the funding for performance will be assessed and reported. It also the individual school. However, the central gives teachers, pupils, parents, employers and the government warned the LEAs that they should close wider community a clear and shared understanding up the schools with no sufficient number of pupils of the skills and knowledge that young people will enrolled or to merge several such schools and use the gain at school.

On the other hand, schools are free to funds saved in this way for educational priorities set plan and organise teaching and learning within the by the government. The LEAs have limited funds, framework of the National Curriculum, in the way but the government offered special privileges to that best meets the needs of their pupils.

To achieve those which successfully use their funds. This should this, schools may use the Qualifications and provide equal funding for schools under different Curriculum Development Agency QCDA Schemes local education authorities. Assessment of Pupils the education reform in Serbia, because they could serve as objective indicators of the quality of Pupils in the UK are assessed in compliance with curriculum. The UK solved this problem with the attainment targets found in the National standard tests exams taken after each stage of Curriculum at the age of 7, 11, 14 when they sit for education key stages.

Teaching in primary and key stage exams and the final GCSE General secondary schools is organised according to the Certificate of Secondary Education exam at the age National Curriculum which determines subjects and of The results of these tests are each key stage. At the end of each key stage or block published in school reports and offer information to of years, pupils take standard tests used to assess teachers, parents and all partners in education about their knowledge [7].

Key Stage 4. The test taken at the national level seems a good Creation of national curriculum was one of the way to have an insight into the quality of the national objectives of education reform in Serbia. It should curriculum itself, as well as the work of teachers, define the learning outcomes, i. However, this testing may have acquired knowledge and skills after primary and certain constraints which could reduce the level of secondary education, while schools would have their objectiveness.

Curriculum-based teaching put teachers under stress, because the test results certainly requires training for teachers, additional affect their school ranking [8]. Accordingly, it may employment of teachers and therefore additional happen that teaching a subject becomes just a investment in education, so it was planned to preparation for the test and hence a teacher may gradually introduce the curriculum and education neglect other aspects of the curriculum.

The similar situation happens with the mathematics and mother tongue tests the Serbian pupils sit for at the end of the primary school. The 6. Evaluation of Schools question is how much they really indicate the knowledge a pupil has acquired in these two subjects The UK government legally regulated that and how much they are a mere result of learning the achievements of pupils, teachers and schools are already prepared question and answers by heart. On regularly evaluated and reported. Finally, the tests assess the knowledge in on the schools results and achievements in meeting mathematics and mother tongue only, bur neglects the needs of pupils, parents, local community and the knowledge acquired in other subjects.

They should have the right to create education and One of the objectives of the education reform in creation of professionals educated in school with Serbia was to alter the role of inspection, from possibility to finance the professionals they need.

As for now, their schools based on self-evaluation. Schools must training is organised in courses for professional continuously evaluate their work in intervals between development, but a long-term objective should be annual inspection visits. They must ways. To become a teacher and obtain the Qualified regularly publish the results of their development Teacher Status, one may choose between several initiatives and achievements in annual reports made options.

The first option is to study for 3 to 4 years to public for parents and all partners. Schools and complete first undergraduate degree. The school governing bodies in the UK publish school qualification is a Bachelor of Education and performance tables to help parents choose the best incorporates specific subject areas with an education school for their child [9].

They have responsibility to component. The second option is after completion of make public the general targets and objectives of the two years of higher education and the two-year school and educational policy of the school, training program while working in school as an information about implementation of the National unqualified teacher.

The third option is to get a Curriculum and extra-curricular activities, school Postgraduate Certificate in Education which can be attendance, national test results, etc. They also make completed by people who already have a bachelor an annual report about school development and degree in a specific field. The teacher training course organise meeting with parents to discuss it. Schools regularly Status may not be obtained without proper teacher publish the results their pupils have in regional or training in the classroom.

The education reform in national or even international competitions, projects Serbia prepared similar model to the third option for and other activities, but it would be useful for parents training of teachers with no initial teaching and future pupils to learn about the performance of knowledge. This kind of professional development is organised in Serbia, too.

Regular 9. Teachers evaluation should be beneficial for teachers themselves, school governing bodies and parents to Since one of the objectives was orientation establish at what extend their performances are in towards quality of education, the reform in Serbia compliance with the school objectives and for taking included development of financial mechanisms to measures for improvement, if necessary [10].

Primary schools and secondary schools The problem of professional training of teachers in Serbia is most evident in vocational schools. Further and higher education eight years of primary education , the age when children start school the age of 5 vs. All universities Curriculum. Primary school in Serbia lasts for eight are autonomous institutions, especially in teaching years and ends with a test which all pupils take to performance. Universities have generally been have the right to enrol in secondary school.

The umbrella organisation for all C and D according to their abilities, with weak pupils universities is Universities UK which exists to in group D.

However, although this selection promote, develop and champion the universities of according to abilities may seem to produce better the UK. There departments impairs flexibility in curriculum are surveys and studies in the UK with the aim of development and mobility from one to another establishing the effects learning in mixed ability faculty. Although no state The conclusion of all studies carried on so far is that university has used this possibility in the right way, this kind of organising the teaching is good for good in different circumstances imposed by financial pupils and bad for weaker pupils.

The teaching distribution of responsibilities within one institution, in comprehensive schools is organised in a way that introduction of information systems to support a new it encourages pupils to take an active part in teaching mode of studying. The rhythm of teaching and Further education in the UK is characterised by learning is adaptable to the needs of every pupil.

There is no entrance exam nor length of studying. It is interesting that there is no periods spent in industry. They last for four years repeating of classes. This mode of studying is In Serbia there are similar secondary schools possible mainly in colleges of advanced technology.

The children may choose field of study at the college. In case of studying between majors in science, humanities, or general modern foreign languages, the course normally both science and humanities subjects are equally incorporates a year in the target language country. Apart from these schools, gifted children This mode of studying may be as a full-time may attend secondary schools of mathematics, studying in which case students attend classes, which languages or sport.

Some courses are attended as part-time comprehensive schools in the matter of teaching and studying comprising only a part of the program of learning. The curriculum has been prepared study prescribed for a particular term in blocks of according to the Scottish model which is flexible concentrated studying with periods of practical work with many variations [11]. Teaching is pupil-oriented during which the students do their work experience.

Depending on providers and There are indications that those involved in studies, teaching is organised in daily or weekly employment and employability are also involved in blocks, as evening classes, via e-mail, or independent national qualifications framework development [12].

Tuition fees are university degree. This variety and diversity of degrees and They make up about one quarter of total costs of certificates is necessary in our education system due studying. They are paid by students directly to to the following reasons.

Firstly, higher education is universities for one academic year. Then, one of the elected government of David Cameron raised it to constraints of our post-secondary education is its 9, pounds. Loans and grants are paid by the closeness and organisation which makes it available government while universities offer bursaries. In the growing In Serbia higher education institutions are competition of private universities, this mode of financed from the state budget according to the studying and acquiring of qualifications will surely number of successful students whose studying is be organised in state universities very soon.

Besides, state-financed, and their own revenues tuition fees, education will surely have to respond to the needs of projects, commercial services, donations, etc. The economy which change more rapidly than education amount of tuition fees is determined by the system. Unlike the UK, there is no organised system of This is particularly important for Serbia where in financing students who pay their tuition fees in the previous higher education system a considerable Serbia, although some local communities give number of students left universities and colleges bursaries to students according to different criteria, before completion due to their needs to find a job.

In success in studying, financial situation of the family, this case, they seem to have been studying in vain etc, but there are also companies which give because although they have years of studying; only scholarships to students and thus recruit them as their their secondary school diploma counts. All the exams future employees. Another reason for introduction of certificates is The Bologna Process the fact that European population changes their professions or work position six to seven times The Bologna Declaration is a document adopted during their length of service.

It means that every at the meeting of ministers of education of European time they have to be educated for a new profession countries in The signatories of this document because permanent development in technology and agreed to create the European Higher Education Area production, opening and closing up of companies, — EHEA by and to implement the necessary force them to update their knowledge and skills so reforms.

It would be These reforms and a series of changes which are impossible for them to spend years in order to get a still being implemented in education system of new education or training or to get a degree. This is European countries — signatories of the Declaration the reason why studying should be organised in a are all called the Bologna Process.

Serbia has not yet developed it although accreditation of curricula and higher education it is one of the obligations in the Bologna process. The answer to this question may be found in The biggest problems in higher education in comparison of efficiency of studying in the UK and Serbia is an adequate and full implementation of the Serbia.

Besides these subjects, each school has a list with optional subjects Art, Music, Drama, Latin, Sport Science, Design Technology, Computer Science , and students may choose a few subjects that interest them.

In some schools, students sit Common Entrance Exam in year 7. The transition from Junior to Senior School from year 8 to year 9 may be conditioned by the Common Entrance Exam results in those schools.

Year 9 is a very important year in the British school system, as most of the students make the transition from Junior School to Senior School. It is also a very good foundation for the GCSE programme and it is an entry point to all schools.

In addition, students choose a few subjects from the optional subject list offered by each school. In the last two years of secondary education, which are called Year 10 and Year 11, starting at age 14, students prepare for GCSE exams that are taken after two years General Certificate of Secondary Education. These intensive, one year courses, are available for students aged 15 plus, with the appropriate academic level from their own country.

Fewer subjects are studied maximum 6. Students study between 5 and 7 subjects, English, Maths and Science being included. In the UK school system, once a student reaches the age of 16, they can start a 2 year programme which leads to A Advanced level examinations.

Students specialise in 3 or 4 subjects, that are usually relevant to the degree subject they wish to follow at university. A levels are state examinations and are recognised by all UK universities and by institutions worldwide.

At the end of Year 13, following the examinations in each subject, the students receive A level Certificates. Those who would like to study more than subjects, may continue their studies in a broader number of subjects with the International Baccaularete Diploma Programme, offered by some independent schools. International students can either choose a state sixth form college or a college of further education as an alternative to private education.

Colleges of further education also offer foundation and diploma courses. All colleges can prepare students for entry to a UK university or any university in the world. Bright World works with a number of state colleges in the UK which provide a multitude of vocational and academic courses.

These courses can enable students to pursue their chosen career or to gain a place at a university of their choice. Focussing on practical, skills-based learning, the BTEC students are assessed during the course.

After each unit students are assessed through assignments, tasks or tests, and not at the end of the programme as it happens with GCSE or A-Level students. From age 17, international students can opt to study one year foundation programmes, instead of A levels or IB. These courses lead to private examinations that are an alternative to A levels. Foundation courses at colleges are recognised by universities with whom they have partnerships.

Bright World has partnerships with a number of colleges and Pathway providers and can help place students into Foundation and Diploma courses in London and across the UK. In the UK, a British bachelors degree normally takes three years to complete and most are awarded at honours level. State colleges offer some 2 year vocational diplomas that grant exemption from the first and sometimes second year of a degree programme.

Some private tutorial colleges offer a one year diploma programme which is equivalent to year 1 of university. Students taking 1 year diplomas are awarded second year entry at some universities. Postgraduate courses in the UK education system are very intensive.

This means that the courses are usually much shorter than in other countries. Applicants will usually be high achieving with at least 2 years managerial experience. A PhD research degree in the UK can take between 2 and 7 years. Bright World works almost exclusively with privately funded schools and colleges.

A boarding school is a residential school where pupils live and study during the school year. UK boarding schools offer pupils an outstanding education, helping them to develop their skills and progress to university.

All UK boarding schools have to meet strict government standards on the quality of their teaching, facilities and student care. Many UK boarding schools combine beautiful, centuries-old buildings with a mix of modern classrooms and traditional architecture. The excellent facilities help make living and learning a great experience and pupils will will improve their English skills while they study. Tutorial Colleges start at age 15 and have a more flexible programme range, focussing on fast access to UK university.

Many of the independent private sixth form colleges in Oxford, Cambridge and London work on a 'tutorial system' and are often referred to as 'tutorial colleges'. The tutorial system originates from Oxford and Cambridge Universities and is a very highly regarded and much tested system.

It it is still used today and is the cornerstone of an 'Oxbridge' education. A tutorial is a small class of only a few students, in which the tutor a lecturer or other academic faculty member gives individual attention to the students. A state boarding school is one where you pay for boarding and the education is free. The government pays for the education as it would at any other state school in England.