B cell vs t cell activation

Make a difference in the fight against cancer by donating to cancer research. Call us anytime. This page was updated on January 10, B-cells vs. T-cells: What's the difference? How does the immune system work? What are B-cells? B-cells are the type of cells that produce antibodies to fight bacteria and viruses.

These antibodies are Y-shaped proteins that are specific to each pathogen and are able to lock onto the surface of an invading cell and mark it for destruction by other immune cells. B-lymphocytes and cancer have what may be described as a love-hate relationship. For example, B-cells sometimes inhibit tumor development by producing antibodies that may attack cancer cells or oncogenic viruses , such as human papillomavirus HPV , which is responsible for most cervical , anal , penile and other reproductive cancers.

Other times, regulatory B-cells may release immune-suppressive cytokines that stifle an anti-tumor response. Also, B-cells are far more likely than T-cells to mutate into a liquid cancer such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia CLL or B-cell lymphoma. What are T-cells? Types of T-cells There are two main types of T-cells: Helper T-cells stimulate B-cells to make antibodies and help killer cells develop. What do T-cells do? B cells secrete antibodies.

B cell identifies the antigens on the surface of virus and bacteria, as they surface antigens. They fight and protect the body from the bacteria and virus that enters the bloodstream. T cells derived its name because they are mainly matured in the thymus in the neck, but originate in the bone marrow. The T cells after differentiation are sent to the bloodstream and get into the blood circulation or lymphatic system. These are important to the immune system as they remove the pathogens.

Specifically, they act like soldiers who work all time with the target of destroying the invaders after searching them. As soon as any foreign particle like bacteria or viruses attacks the body, T cells produce the chemicals which trigger the B cells for developing plasma cells and also activate the killer T cells for targeting and killing cells that have been affected by the invaders or are at the cancerous stage.

The regulatory T cells help in controlling the immune system, helper T cells also protect the immune system of the body and protect them from invaders and other foreign particles. Memory cells remain active all the time so that they quickly react to the invader if it attacks the body and its immune system another time, it works by producing numerous T cells to eliminate the invader immediately. B cells or lymphocyte shows the humoral immunity , where they secrete antibodies in the blood and thus killing or removing the pathogens.

The B cells form an antigen-antibody complex where each B cells covered in the antibody gets active by binding with an antigen in a complementary shape. This antigen-antibody complex triggers B cells to divides many times into the plasma cells. B cells originate and mature in bone marrow.

They divide and form plasma cells and memory cells, which plays a vital role while invading the pathogens. B cell works in a different way than that of T cells, as they directly attack the invaders foreign particles by producing the proteins called as antibodies. These antibodies directly attack the invaders as they travel in the blood. So as soon as B cells come across the invaders, they trigger quickly to produce plasma cells and memory B cells.

Plasma cells are very specific to make the particular kind of antibody against any invader or antigen. The antibody is a kind of protein which attacks the invaders and act as the marker on the infected cell so that T cell readily identifies the infected cell and destroy it. So the antibody-coated invaders are easy to recognize and are quickly destroyed by the different proteins of the immune system and another essential function of the cells known as phagocytosis also works.

Phagocytes are known for their eating process, as they engulf the whole foreign or harmful substances or cells. Meanwhile, the plasma cells disappear after the immune response work is over, but again the memory B cells remain active for a long time so that the invader may not be able to attack the body and its immune system again as antibodies are already present for them to fight and eradicate them.

In this content, we discussed the most critical line of defence in the body, which play the essential role in protecting the body and its immune system from the pathogens attack. Helper T cells indirectly induce the immune system by secreting cytokines. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes directly kill the infected cells by phagocytosis while suppressor T cells suppress the inappropriate immune responses in the body.

B lymphocytes or B cells are the second type of lymphocytes involved in humoral or antibody-mediated immunity. They are also agranulocytes. B lymphocytes originate and mature in bone marrow. There are two types of B lymphocytes as plasma cells and memory cells.

Plasma cells activate and secrete antibodies when encountering an antigen. Secreted antibodies then neutralize the antigens. Antibodies are specific to the infection. That means; different infections will produce different antibodies. T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes are two types of lymphocytes present in our blood.

T lymphocytes involve in cell-mediated immunity while B lymphocytes involve in antibody-mediated immunity. So, this is the key difference between T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes. Furthermore, T lymphocytes produce cytokines while B lymphocytes produce antibodies. Also, a further difference between T lymphocyte and B lymphocytes is their maturation site. T lymphocytes mature in the thymus while B lymphocytes mature in the bone marrows.

Moreover, there are three types of T lymphocytes as helper t cells, cytotoxic T cells, and suppressor T cells while there are two types of B lymphocytes as plasma cells and memory cells.

Besides, T lymphocytes move to the site of infection while B lymphocytes do not move.